Oracle Database parameter files are important and play key role in database startup. Normally a server parameter spfile is use to startup a database instance.

To know which database file is being used. use following query

select value from v$parameter where name = 'spfile'

SPFILE is binary file and should not be modify using text editor. If spfile is modified will get corrupted. It should be modify using

ALTER SYSTEM ALTER SYSTEM SET open_cursors=1000 SCOPE=BOTH
 
 

How to recover corrupted SPFILE

If instance is up you can create SPFILE from memory using

CREATE SPFILE FROM MEMORY;

Above command creates the SPFILE with the default name and in the default location.

If you have a valid text initialization parameter file (PFILE), recreate the SPFILE from the PFILE with the following command:

CREATE SPFILE FROM PFILE;

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